Burner.



E. H. SCHWARTZ.

BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1911.

Patented May 28, 1912.

2 SHEBTS-SHBET 1.

Nllilll WITNESSES ATTO R N EY E. H. SCHWARTZ.

BURNER.

' APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1911. 1 ,.O27,91 2, Patented May 28, 1912.

. ZSHEETS-SHEET 2.

. I ATTORNEY COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO.,WASHINUTON, n. c.

KINTTE STATES P N I EDWARD I-I. SCHWARTZ, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORTO E. H. SCHWARTZ & SON CO., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OFILLINOIS.

BURNER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD H. SCHWARTZ, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented a new and useful Burner, of which the following is aspec1fication.

This invention has reference to improvements in burners and particularlyto an improvement in the burner shown in Patent No. 762,002, granted tome on June 7, 1904.

The present invent-ion is designed to provide a burner wherein a liquidhydro-carbon is drawn into a combustion chamber by an injector actionand is gasified and mixed with preheated air to the proper degree toconstitute a self burning mixture, but by a somewhat diflerentarrangement of the parts, although without change in their structure,the device may be adapted to the burning of gas while the injectoraction may be brought about by either steam or air under pressure.

The invention will be best understood from a consideration of thefollowing detailed description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, with theunderstandlng, however, that while the showing of the drawings is thatof a practical form-of the invention the latter is susceptible of otherembodiments wherein the salient features of the invention are retained,and, also, of certain rearrangements which will be hereinafter setforth.

In the drawings :Figure 1 is a plan view of the improved burner asapplied to a furnace. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig.3 is a section on the line 33 of Fig. 1, with the furnace omitted. Fig.1 is a section 011 the line 4E-l of Fig. 1 also with the furnaceomitted.

Referring to the drawings there is indicated a wall 1, which may betaken as a furnace wall, and this wall is provided with a passage 2through it from the exterior to the interior, but the showing of thedrawings so far as the furnace wall is concerned is not to be taken asan accurate representation of proportions. The furnace wall is providedwith a face plate 3 having concentric with the opening 2 a circularflange 4 in spaced relation to the opening 2 and interiorly screwthreaded. The threaded flange 4 is of a size to receive the basic end ofa dome Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 25, 1911.

Patented May 28,1912. Serial No. 616,929.

5, which is formed with an enlargement or thickening 6 eXteriorlythreaded to enter the threaded portion of the flange 4E, and thisthickened portion is also interiorly threaded to receive a threadedradially projecting flange 7 formed on the basic end of a smaller orsub-dome 8 of such size that when in position within the main dome 5 theouter wall of the sub-dome is spaced from the inner wall of the maindome to leave a chamber 9 surrounding the dome 8. V The dome 5 is formedon diametrically opposite sides with outwardly projecting bosses 10,which, in the particular showing of the drawings, have smooth passages11 formed therethrough and leading from the exterior of the dome 5 tothe chamber 9, the outer ends of the passages 11 being in freecommunication with the atmosphere. Projecting axially from the dome 5 isa neck 12 having the end adjacent the chamber 9 threaded to receive thethreaded end of a neck 13 projecting axially from the sub-dome 8. Thescrew threads on the flange 7 and neck 13 and the screw threads on theinterior of the enlargement 6 and the interior of the neck 12 whereentered by the neck 13 are properly proportioned to permit the screwingtogether of the parts. The outer end of the neck 12 is interiorlythreaded and between the threaded ends of the neck 12 it has connectedthereto on opposite sides conduits 14 leading into the chamber 9, thedome 5 with its neck 12 and the conduits 1 1 being preferably all castin one piece. The neck 13 of the subdome 8 has a passage 15 opening intothe interior of the sub-dome 8, and the other end of this passage,indicated at 16, flares toward the outer end of the neck 13. The basicend of the sub-dome 8 is open, and this opening is substantiallycoincident with the opening 2 through the wall 1.

Screwed into the outer end of the neck 12 is a nipple 17 having a nozzleend 18 entering the flared end 16 of the passage 15, the nozzle havingits outer walls tapering in substantial conformity with the taper of theend 16 of the nozzle 15 toward the dome 8, so that the nozzle 18 whereentering the portion 16 of the said passage has its outer wall in spacedrelation thereto.

The nipple 17 is formed with an angular shoulder 19 which may be madepolygonal for the reception of a wrench and acts as a stop when broughtinto engagement with the .the nozzle being tapered or end of the neck12. Beyond the shoulder 19 the nipple 17 is formed with an exteriorlythreaded extension or neck 20, while axially through the nipple there isa substantially cylindrical bore or passage 21 expanded as shown at 22at the end where it extends through the neck 20, and adjacent thisexpanded portion within the neck 20 the bore or passage 21 has interiorscrew threads 23 for a purpose which will presently appear.

The threaded neck 20 is designed to receive one end of a T 24, whilethat branch of the T at an angle to the portion entering the neck 20 hasscrewed thereinto a threaded nipple of a valve 25 of any appropriatetype controlled by a hand wheel 26, and into the end of this valveremote from the T 24 7. there is screwed another pipe 27 for a purposewhich wlll presently appear. A branch 28 of the T 24 is inalineinentwith the branch applied to the neck 20 and is in the form ofan interiorly screw threaded neck receiving a nipple 29 formed at theend within the T 24 with a nozzle 30 of such length as to enter thepassage 21, and the free end of the nozzle 30 is formed with acontracted opening 31, the exterior of this free end of otherwise formedto enter the passage 21, but in spaced relation to the inner walls ofthe flared end 22 of said passage. The nozzle 30 may be formed on theexterior with screw threads 32, which under circumstances to bedescribed may be screwed into the threaded portion 23 of the passage 21.

The nipple 29 is formed with a polygonal flange 33 designed to engagethe outer end of the neck 28, and beyond this flange the nipple iscontinued into an exteriorly threaded neck 34, while from the contractedopening 31 of the nipple to and through the neck 34 there is formed anaxial passage 7 35 having adapted to the .end remote from the contractedopening 31 a needle valve 36. The stem of this valve is threaded toextend through a threaded neck 37 of an elbow 38, the said neck being inline with the end of the elbow applied to the neck 34, while the otherbranch of the elbow receives a pipe 39. The neck 34 is ex'teriorlythreaded for the reception of a gland 40 confining packing 41 around thestem 36, which latter has exterior to the gland a manipulating handwheel 42.

Let it be assumed that the pipe 39 is connected with a suitable supplyof liquid hydrocarbon, say crude petroleum, although the use of theinvention is by no means confined to such fuel, but is adapted to otherfuels, including gas, and let it also be assumed that the pipe 27 isconnected to a supply of steam under pressure. On opening the valve 25by a proper mzinipulating of the hand wheel 26, steam will enter thefurnace through the opening 2 in its wall by way of the valve 25, the T24, the passage 21 in the nipple 17, thence through the end of thepassage 21 within the portion 16 of the passage through the neck 13,thence into the interior of the dome 8 and finally through the passage 2into the furnace. Assuming that the needle valve 36 is open, the fuel isdrawn through the passage 35 and the contracted opening 31 by theinjector action of the steam rushing through the passage 21, and thisfuel is sprayed into the passage 21 through the contracted opening 31and by the time it reaches the interior of the dome S is in a finelysubdivided condition due to the action of the stream of steam comingfrom the pipe 27; The stream of steam also acts to createsubatmosphericpressure in the end 16 of the passage 15, and this end being incommunication with the interior of the neck 12 acts by suction throughthe conduits 14 upon air within the chamber 9 to draw such air into theend 16, and finally into the main passage 15 to be carried by the streamof steam with the fuel intermixed therewith into the interior of thedome 8 and finally into the furnace through the passage 2, fresh airentering through the passages 11 in the bosses or necks 10 on oppositesides of the dome 5. Since the incoming air entering through thepassages 11 mustpass for a considerable distance through the chamber 9before reaching the conduits 14, it is brought into contact with thewalls of the subdome 8 and assuming that the fuel is burning thissub-dome becomes hot and the air passing to the conduits 14 is thereforeheated and the degree of heat imparted to such air may be quite high,the heating of the air being facilitated by the somewhat tortuous paththrough which the air must pass before finally reaching the stream offuel. This results in the ready gasification of a liquid fuel and, also,the vigorous burning of the mixture of air and hydrocarbon for theproduction of an intensely hot flame, for the air becomes thoroughlyintermixed with the fuel already highly subdivided by the steam stream,and by the time the burning zone is reached the steam has. itself becomedecomposed by the heat from the burning zone to add to the vigor of theheat produced by the reunion of the oxygen and hydrogen of suchdecomposed steam.

The burner may be used with either air or steam and with either gas oroil, and while the different impelling fluids or fuels require no changein the structure of the parts of the burner, the present invention isparticularly adapted for the use of steam, since the preheating of theair prevents condensation of the steam before reaching the burning zone.

The sub-dome 8 screws into the dome o and the dome 5 is readily screwedinto the flange 4, the parts where united being circular, and by thismeans the expansion chamber within the sub-dome 8 leading to the passage2 is readily formed and the air heating chamber 9 is also readily formedwithout requiring coring or other expensive modes of manufacture.Furthermore, the steam and fuel nozzles are in line one with the otherand with the air passage leading to the interior of the sub-dome 8, sothat the fuel, steam and air may move together in a direct line to theinterior of the furnace. Moreover, the arrangement of the parts in lineone with the other facilitates the assembling and dissembling of thestructure and the changing of the arrangement of the parts to adapt thestructure to different fuels. In the form of the structure where theliquid hydrocarbon, such as oil, is used as the fuel, the steam isemployed as the motive means for indrawing and spraying the fuel and forindrawing the air and the chamber 9 opening to the atmosphere close tothe furnace wall provides a means whereby the air is preheated both byutilizing the air close to the furnace and by carrying it in a tor tuouspath also close to the furnace and to a chamber in which the flame maybe maintained, or in close relation to which the flame is maintained, sothat this chamber becomes highly heated, the chamber within the sub-dome8 being of a diameter substantially that of the passage through the wallof the furnace to the interior thereof and through which passage thefuel mixture is carried.

hat is claimed is 1. A burner comprising two substantially concentricdomes in spaced relation one to the other to form an air chamber betweenthem, the inner dome being wholly housed in the outer dome and havingone end open to be there placed in communication with the zone to beheated, the two domes being pro vided with intercommunicating axialnecks with the neck of the inner dome entering the neck of the outerdome and there flaring toward said neck, and the neck of the outer domebeing connected to the interior of the outer dome by constantly openducts, and means for the introduction of fuel into the neck of the innerdome in the direction of the longitudinal axes of the necks and towardthe interior of the inner dome.

2. A burner comprising two substantially concentric domes in spacedrelation one to the other, the inner dome being contained within theouter dome and having its larger end open to be placed in communicationwith the zone to be heated, the two domes being provided withintercommunicating axial necks with the neck of the inner dome enteringand supported by the neck of the outer dome and there having an internalpassage flaring toward the neck of the outer dome, the said neck of theouter dome having ducts leading to the interior of the outer dome infree communication with both the neck and the dome and the said neck ofthe outer dome being in free communication with the flaring end of theneck of the inner dome, and means for the introduction of fuel into theneck of the inner dome in the direction of the longitudinal axes of thenecks and toward the interior of the inner dome.

3. A burner comprising an outer and an inner dome in substantiallyconcentric relation one to the other with the basic end of the innerdome provided with an opening designed to be placed in communicationwith the zone to be heated, the domes-having axially arranged necks inline one with the other with the neck of the inner dome entering theinner end of the neck of the outer dome, and the walls of the domesdefining an air chamber between them, the outer dome having passagesleading from the said air chamber to the exterior of the said outerdome, and other passages leading from the air chamber to the interior ofthe neck of said outer dome, a nozzle in axial alincment with the twonecks and entering the outer end of the neck of the inner dome, andanother nozzle in alincment with the first named nozzle and having itsdischarge end entering the end of the first named nozzle remote fromthat entering the neck of the inner dome.

4-. A burner comprising two concentrically disposed domes one within theother with their bases in substantially the same plane and the innerdome having an interior chamber open at the base and the space betweenthe two domes defining an air chamber, both domes being provided withnecks, with the neck of the inner dome entering the neck of the outerdome, the neck of the inner dome having a passage therethrough flaringtoward the outer end and the outer the exterior thereof, a nozzlecarried by the neck of the outer dome and having a tapering end enteringthe flaring end of the passage through the neck of the inner dome, a Tcarried by the end of the nozzle exterior to the neck of the outer domeand provided with a valve in the branch thereof at an angle to the oneconducted to the nozzle, another nozzle extending through the T andhaving its discharge end located within the first named nozzle at theend thereof remote from the end entering the neck of the inner dome, anda valve applied to the end of the second named nozzle remote from itsdischarge end and adapted to be connected to a supply of fuel.

A burner comprising two concentrically disposed domes one within theother with their bases in substantially the same plane and the innerdome having an interior chamber open at the base and the space betweenthe two domes defining an air chamber, both domes being provided withnecks, with the neck of the inner dome entering the neck of the outerdome, the neck of the inner dome having a passage therethrough flaringtoward the outer end and the outer dome having conduits leading from theair chamber to the interior of the neck of the outer dome and alsohaving passages leading from the interior of the outer dome to theexterior thereof, a nozzle carried by the neck of the outer dome andhaving a tapering end entering the flaring end of the passage throughthe neck of the inner dome, a T carried by the end of the nozzleexterior to the neck of the outer dome and provided with a valve in thebranch thereof at an angle to the one connected to the nozzle, anothernozzle extending through the T and having its discharge end locatedwithin the first named nozzle at the end thereof remote from the endentering the neck of the inner dome, -and a valve applied to the end ofthe second named nozzle remote from its discharge end and adapted to beconnected to a supply of fuel, the first named nozzle having interiorscrew threads at the end remote from the discharge end and the secondnamed nozzle having exterior screw threads adjacent to the discharge endadapted to fit the interior threads of the first named nozzle.

6. A burner comprising two concentrically arranged domes one interior tothe other and each provided with an axially disposed neck at its apex,the interior dome being provided with a basic outstanding flange and thesaid flange and neck being threaded into the basic end of the outer domeand the neck thereof, respectively, the space between the two domesdefining an air chamber and the outer dome being provided with conduitsleading from the air chamber to the neck carried by the outer dome andwith passages leading from the air chamber to the exterior of the outerdome, the conduits and passages being spaced apart with relation one tothe other, a nipple carried by the outer end of the neck of the outerdome and having a tapering nozzle leading into the neck of the. innerdome, the said neck of the inner dome having a flaring passage enteredby said nozzle, and said nipple having the end remote from the nozzleextended and pro vided with an interior passage flaring at said outerend, a valved T applied to said extension of the nipple and alsoprovided with a neck in line with the first named nipple a second nippleapplied to the neck of the T and having a nozzle with its dis charge endlocated within the end of the passage of the first named nipple remotefrom the discharge end thereof, and a valve carried by the end ofthesecond nipple remote from the nozzle end thereof.

7. A burner comprising two concentrically arranged domes one interior tothe other and each provided with an axially disposed neck at its apex,the interior dome being provided with a basic outstanding flange and thesaid flange and neck being threaded into the basic end of the outer domeand the neck thereof, respectively, the space between the two domesdefining an air chamber and the outer dome being pro vided with conduitsleading from the air chamber to the neck carried by the outer dome andwith passages leading from the air chamber to the exterior of the outerdome, the conduits and passages being spaced apart with relation one tothe other, a nipple carried by the outer end of the neck of the outerdome and having a tapering nozzle leading into the neck of the innerdome, the said neck of the inner dome having a flaring passage enteredby said nozzle, and said nipple having the end remote from the nozzleextended and provided with an interior passage flaring at said outerend, a valved T applied to said extension of the nipple and alsoprovided with a neck in line with the first named nipple, a secondnipple applied to the neck of the T and having a nozzle with itsdischarge end located within the end of the passage of the first namednipple remote from the dis charge end thereof, and a valve carried bythe end of the second nipple remote from the nozzle end thereof, thepassage through the first named nipple having interior screw threadsadjacent the flaring end thereof, and the second named nozzle havingexterior screw threads adjacent the discharge end thereof adapted to thescrew threads within the nipple.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have heretoatfixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

EDlVAR-D H. SCHWARTZ.

Vitnesses Gr. Lance, GUSTAV Lance, J r.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G.

